15 - Radiative Forcing

15 Source: IPCC SSP5 - 8.5 SSP3 - 7.0 SSP2 - 4.5 SSP1 - 2.6 SSP1 - 1.9 Total Total anthropogenic Volcanic Aerosols (direct effect ) Aerosols (indirect effect ) Land Use CO 2 CH 4 N 2 O Other WMGHG Tropospheric O 3 Stratospheric H 2 O Contrails Black carbon on snow Solar 2.8 W/m² Aerosols Greenhouse Effect Radiative Forcing
Set 3 www.climatefresk.org 15 Radiative forcing represents the difference between the energy that reaches the Earth each second and the energy that is released. It is rated at 2.8 W/m² (Watt per square meter), 3.8 W/m² from the greenhouse effect and - 1 W/m² from aerosols.

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Causes

Aerosols

Aerosols

Aerosols cool down the climate.
Additional Greenhouse Effect

Additional Greenhouse Effect

The expression "Greenhouse Effect" is written on both sides (as of last version, October 2018).

1
Consequence

Energy Budget

Radiative Forcing

The text behind card n14 allows no ambiguity. Therefore the 2 cards have to be skipped together or not at all.

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Other possible causes

Deforestation

Deforestation

Melting Sea Ice

Melting Sea Ice

When the ice pack melts, a white surface is replaced by a dark blue surface, which has a lower albedo and therefore absorbs more energy. This relationship is not essential but it does allow another feedback loop of the game to be put forward.
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